Even though the main and connecting rod bearings should be replaced with new ones during the engine overhaul, the old bearings should be retained for close examination, as they may reveal valuable information about the condition of the engine, particularly regarding typical bearing failures. Bearing failure occurs due to lack of lubrication, the presence of dirt or foreign particles, overloading the engine, and corrosion. Regardless of the cause, it must be corrected before reassembly to prevent recurrence. When examining the bearings, remove them from the engine block, main bearing caps, connecting rods, and rod caps, laying them out on a clean surface in the same general position as their location in the engine to match any problems with the corresponding crankshaft journal. Dirt and foreign particles can enter the engine during assembly, through filters or the PCV system, or from metal chips and abrasives left in components after reconditioning. These foreign objects often embed in the soft bearing material, while larger particles can score or gouge the bearing and journal. Thorough cleaning of all parts and regular oil and filter changes are essential for prevention. Lack of lubrication has several interrelated causes, including excessive heat, overloading, oil leakage, and blocked oil passages, which can lead to bearing destruction. Driving habits also affect bearing life; full throttle, low-speed operation can cause high loads that squeeze out the oil film, leading to fatigue failure, while short trips can result in corrosion due to insufficient heat to drive off condensed water and corrosive gases. Incorrect bearing installation can also lead to failure, as light fitting bearings may cause oil starvation, and dirt trapped behind a bearing insert can create high spots that result in failure.
Posted by FordPartsGiant Specialist